Blood Type Influence COVID-19 Severity: COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has impacted individuals globally differently. Researchers have been investigating whether one’s blood group A, B, AB, or O. It is a factor in how susceptible they are to infection or how severe the impact will be. Although research continues, some trends have begun to emerge.
Blood groups are decided by some proteins, or markers, on the surface of red blood cells. The four main types are A, B, AB, and O, and each has an Rh-positive or Rh-negative version. For instance, a person could be B-positive or O-negative. Researchers have wondered if these blood types influence the risk of developing COVID-19 in people.
A number of studies have discovered that individuals with blood group A could be at a slightly increased risk of contracting COVID-19 or having more severe symptoms. One study in 2023 proposed that the virus has an easier time binding to A-type blood cells, which would raise the risk by some 20–30%. Studies from nations such as Bangladesh also reported worse symptoms, including breathing problems or blood clots, in hospitalized patients with blood group A. Still, all studies do not concur, so the evidence remains doubtful.
Individuals with blood group O may have a somewhat reduced risk of infection or serious sickness. Research out of Canada discovered that the virus is less likely to bind to O-type blood cells, providing some protection. However, this does not make those with blood group O immune to the virus and they still need to exercise the same caution as everybody else.
The evidence for blood group B and AB is less reliable. There is some information indicating that individuals with blood group B have a slightly increased susceptibility to infection, and AB individuals have even worse outcomes. But all in all, the evidence is mixed and requires more research.
Also Read: Sharpest Brains by Blood Group: Is Yours the Chosen One?
Physicians such as Dr. Sean Stowell of Harvard emphasize that although blood group could be playing a lesser role, age, pre-existing medical conditions, and vaccination status matter much more. All individuals regardless of blood type need to keep adhering to health protocols, including mask-wearing when required, hand hygiene, and vaccination.
Although the blood type may play some minor role in COVID-19 vulnerability, it is not the decisive factor. Staying fit, taking vaccinations, and adhering to precautions are still the best means of keeping yourself and others safe.
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