Rare blood types in India:

Blood plays an important role in saving lives. Most people know about common blood types like A, B, AB, and O — along with Rh factor, which makes them positive or negative (like A+, B-, etc.). But in India, apart from these regular types, there are some very rare blood groups that are important to know especially during medical emergencies.

Rare blood types in India

Common but Rare in India

Among the standard ABO and Rh system, the rarest blood groups found in India are:

AB-

B-

AB+

These are less common and hard to find during blood donation drives.

Super Rare Blood Types in India

India has also recorded some extremely rare blood phenotypes. These are not part of the usual ABO/Rh classification. Here are some of them:

1. Bombay Blood Group (hh phenotype)

This is one of the rarest in the world and was first discovered in Mumbai. People with this blood type cannot accept blood from even O group donors.

2. Rh-null

Known as “golden blood”, this is extremely rare globally. People with this type lack all Rh antigens and can only receive Rh-null blood.

3. P-null (Pk)

This is a rare condition where the person lacks the P antigen.

4. -D-/-D-

These individuals completely lack the D antigen of the Rh group.

5. In(a+b-)

A rare In blood group phenotype found in some Indian populations.

6. Colton-null (Co(a–b–))

People with this blood group lack Co antigens.

7. Weak ABH Variants

These are people with weak expression of A, B, or H antigens.

8. I-i- type

A very rare condition where both I and i antigens are missing.

9. EMM-negative

An uncommon blood type that lacks the EMM antigen.

Why It Matters

People with rare blood types face big challenges in getting matching donors during surgeries, accidents, or transfusions. That’s why blood banks must maintain databases and rare donor

registries to help save lives.

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