World’s Largest Tsunami:
On July 9, 1958, the world witnessed the largest tsunami ever recorded. It was not caused by an undersea earthquake, as most tsunamis are, but by a massive landslide. This event took place in the Alaska Panhandle, near Lituya Bay, a narrow fjord surrounded by steep cliffs.
A 7.8 magnitude earthquake triggered a rockslide, sending around 40 million cubic yards of rock into the bay’s waters. This sudden collapse created a towering wave that reached an unimaginable height of 1,720 feet, as recorded by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). To put it in perspective, this wave was taller than the Empire State Building.
The immense wave obliterated everything in its path, stripping vegetation and tree lines along the shore. A famous image shows a stump of a living spruce tree, torn off by the wave, located 7 miles from the wave’s origin. The wave’s force was so powerful that it stripped soil and trees up to 1,720 feet above the bay’s surface.
Although the tsunami’s size was catastrophic, it remained mostly contained within Lituya Bay, thanks to its unique topography. This prevented it from spreading further across the Pacific. The United Nations reported that five people lost their lives, including two fishermen caught in the inlet. However, a few other fishermen survived. One couple rode the wave across the bay, almost like riding a surfboard.
Though a landslide triggered the event, not an earthquake, the USGS still calls it the largest tsunami ever recorded. With climate change increasing the chances of glacial melt and terrain instability, scientists warn that similar events could happen again in high-risk regions. The Lituya Bay tsunami remains a powerful reminder of nature’s unpredictable and terrifying force.
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