he Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) has developed an artificial intelligence system that independently controls a surgical robotic arm. In form and function, the robot arm may act as a “third hand” for the surgeon in the operating room, doing operations autonomously (without human input) that create faster and easier surgeries.
The AI system manages itself using real-time images supplied by an endoscopic camera and relies solely on camera images without needing additional sensors. The system runs sophisticated models of visual perception, reinforcement learning, and control.
The system can identify surgical scenes and assess depth. The researchers repeatedly trained the AI system on a special AI simulator called SurRoL, enabling it to operate actual robots without additional training.
The AI system can autonomously complete routine tasks that are a part of most surgical procedures. Tasks include: removing tissue, taking gauze, and clipping blood vessels–all routine tasks in surgery.
The system manages changes in tasks—such as varying tissue textures, colors, depth, and lighting conditions—just like a surgeon, and assists during operations. The system can operate reliably and across many tasks, it is stable.
CUHK integrated the AI with the Sentire Surgical System, which is designed for minimally invasive surgical processes.
The original surgical robot allows for improved surgical precision through the AI, which reduces the recovery time of the patient. The AI’s vision-based framework enables the AI to autonomously work in real-time tasks.
The research team evaluated the AI on a living animal model, simulating real clinical condition of surgery, and the system performed tasks like retracting tissues, picking up gauze and clipping blood vessels.
This was championed as the first instance of multiple task automation evaluation in medical surgery, validating the outcomes of the system.
This AI system serves as a second surgical hand for the surgeon and can save operation time. The AI helps doctors stay focused during surgery by performing repetitive tasks and emphasizing critical aspects while minimizing distractions.
The systems accuracy and speed, paved the way to improve surgical outcomes. These advantages, allowed the surgeons to take away the cumbersome unnecessary equipment for the ease inangiographic procedures.
According to Dr. Dou Qi, a CUHK researcher, “Our vision-based AI framework can perform ultra-accurate tasks without any ancillary sensors.” Dr. Yip Hon-chi, noted “the continuous reformity in multiple surgical tasks.” These statements emphasize the efficiency and reliability of this technology.
This AI paper indicates a significant advancement toward surgical autonomy. It represents a cutting-edge method of robotic surgery by taking a data-driven, vision-based approach.
With the proficiency to rationalize complex tasks without any sensors, this system may have the potential to revolutionize operating rooms, resulting in more rapid, safe, and efficient surgery to patients globally.
Wolf et al. published the research in Science.org, where they described the improved AI platform in detail.. The team developed a synergy of visual perception and control policies, making the system updateable to real world surgical scenarios as they appear.
The AI was validated in actual real-time tests, demonstrating it is ready for clinical protocols and use.
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